.custom-dropdown {
        position: relative;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .dropdown-btn {
        width: 100%;
        padding: 10px;
        background-color: #fff;
        border: 1px solid #a00e09;
        color: #a00e09;
        font-size: 17px;
        font-family: 'lato', sans-serif;
        cursor: pointer;
        text-align: left;
        position: relative;
        border-radius: 5px;
    }

    .dropdown-btn:hover {
        background-color: #a00e09 !important;
        color: #fff !important;
    }

    .dropdown-menu {
        display: none;
        position: absolute;
        top: 100%;
        left: 0;
        width: 100%;
        background: white;
        border: 1px solid #a00e09;
        list-style: none;
        padding: 0;
        margin: 0;
        z-index: 10;

    }

    .dropdown-menu li {
        padding: 8px;
        cursor: pointer;
        background-color: #fff;
        color: #a00e09;
        font-size: 17px;
        font-family: 'lato', sans-serif;
    }

    .dropdown-menu li:hover {
        background-color: #a00e09;
        color: #fff;
    }

    .dropdown-menu.show {
        display: block;
    }


    .lecturers-content-wrapper p.fac-no {
        word-wrap: break-word !important;
        white-space: normal !important;
        display: inline-block !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
    }

    @media only screen and (max-width: 400px) {
        .modal-content {
            margin: 0% auto !important;
        }
    }

    @media (max-width: 820px) {

        .mname,
        .labs {
            text-align: left !important;
        }

        .modal-content {
            margin: 44% auto !important;
        }

        #modal-img {
            max-width: 100% !important;
            height: auto !important;
            border-radius: 50%;
        }

        #container-card {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
        }

        #container-card1 {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
        }

        #container-card::after {
            content: '\25BC';
            font-size: 12px;
            color: #a00e09;
            position: absolute;
            right: 40px !important;
            top: 65%;
            transform: translateY(-50%);
            pointer-events: none;
        }

        #container-card1::after {
            content: '\25BC';
            font-size: 12px;
            color: #a00e09;
            position: absolute;
            right: 40px !important;
            top: 65%;
            transform: translateY(-50%);
            pointer-events: none;
        }

        #specialization-filter,
        #research-area-filter {
            width: 190px !important;
        }
    }

    #specialization-filter option {
        background-color: #fff !important;
        color: #a00e09 !important;
    }

    #specialization-filter option:hover {
        background-color: #a00e09 !important;
    }

    #specialization-filter:hover {
        background-color: #a00e09 !important;
        color: #fff !important;
    }

    #specialization-filter {
        background-color: #fff !important;
        font-size: 17px !important;
        font-family: 'lato', sans-serif !important;
        color: #a00e09 !important;
        border: 1px solid #a00e09 !important;
    }

    #container-card:hover::after {
        color: #fff !important;
    }


    #research-area-filter option {
        background-color: #fff !important;
        color: #a00e09 !important;
    }

    #research-area-filter option:hover {
        background-color: #a00e09 !important;
    }

    #research-area-filter:hover {
        background-color: #a00e09 !important;
        color: #fff !important;
    }

    #research-area-filter {
        background-color: #fff !important;
        font-size: 17px !important;
        font-family: 'lato', sans-serif !important;
        color: #a00e09 !important;
        border: 1px solid #a00e09 !important;
    }

    #container-card1:hover::after {
        color: #fff !important;
    }

    #specialization-filter,
    #research-area-filter {
        padding: 10px;
        font-size: 16px;
        width: 100%;
        border-radius: 5px;
        cursor: pointer;
        outline: none;
        position: relative;
    }

    #container-card::after {
        content: '\25BC';
        font-size: 12px;
        color: #a00e09;
        position: absolute;
        right: 10px;
        top: 65%;
        transform: translateY(-50%);
        pointer-events: none;
    }

    #container-card1::after {
        content: '\25BC';
        font-size: 12px;
        color: #a00e09;
        position: absolute;
        right: 10px;
        top: 40%;
        transform: translateY(-50%);
        pointer-events: none;
    }

    #modal-img {
        max-width: 110% !important;
        height: 100% !important;
        border-radius: 50%;
    }

    #modal-profile-link,
    #modal-personallink {
        background-color: #FFF1F0 !important;
        color: #a00e09 !important;

    }

    #modal-resrch {
        font-family: 'lato', sans-serif;
        font-size: 20px;
        color: #a00e09;
        font-weight: 600;
    }

    #modal-phone {
        font-family: 'lato', sans-serif;
        font-size: 16px;
        font-weight: 500;
        white-space: nowrap;
    }

    #modal-mail {
        font-family: 'lato', sans-serif;
        font-size: 16px;
        font-weight: 500;
        color: #000;
    }

    .labs {
        font-family: 'lato', sans-serif;
        font-size: 16px;
        font-weight: 500;
        white-space: nowrap;
    }

    .btn-container {
        display: flex;
        justify-content: start;
        align-items: center;
    }

    .btnn {
        margin-right: 10px;
        text-decoration: none;
    }

    /* For screens larger than 990px (e.g., desktop view) */
    @media (min-width: 990px) {
        .modal-content {
            display: flex !important;
            flex-direction: row !important;
            padding: 20px !important;
        }

        .modal-img {
            width: 100% !important;
            max-width: 150px !important;
            border-radius: 50%;
        }

        .namess {
            margin-left: 20px !important;
        }

        .namess h2 {
            font-size: 24px !important;
        }

        .namess p {
            font-size: 16px !important;
        }

        .btn-container a {
            margin-right: 10px !important;
        }
    }

    /* For screens between 600px and 990px (e.g., tablet view) */

    @media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 990px) {
        .modal-content {
            display: block !important;
            padding: 20px !important;
            width: 100% !important;

        }

        .modal-img {
            width: 100% !important;
            max-width: 180px !important;
            margin: 0 auto !important;
            border-radius: 50%;
        }

        .namess {
            text-align: center !important;
            margin-top: 20px !important;
        }

        .namess h2 {
            font-size: 22px !important;
        }

        .namess p {
            font-size: 15px !important;
        }

        .btn-container a {
            display: block !important;
            margin-bottom: 10px !important;
        }
    }



    /* For screens smaller than 600px (e.g., mobile view) */
    @media (max-width: 400px) {
        .modal-content {
            display: block !important;
            padding: 15px !important;
            width: 100% !important;
            margin: 0% auto !important;
        }


        .modal-img {
            width: 100% !important;
            max-width: 120px !important;
            margin: 0 auto !important;
            border-radius: 50%;
        }

        .namess {
            text-align: center !important;
        }

        .namess h2 {
            font-size: 20px !important;
        }

        .namess p {
            font-size: 14px !important;
        }

        .btn-container a {
            display: block !important;
            margin-bottom: 10px !important;
        }

        .mname {
            width: auto !important;
        }
    }

    .mname {
        border-bottom: 2px dashed #a00e09;
        display: inline-block;
        width: 130%;

    }

    .modal {
        display: none;
        position: fixed;
        z-index: 1;
        left: 0;
        top: 0;
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
        background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    }

    .modal-content {
        background-color: white;
        margin: 20% auto;
        padding: 20px;
        width: 60%;
        box-shadow: 0px 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
        text-align: center;
        position: relative;
    }

    #modal-name {
        font-family: 'lato', sans-serif !important;
        font-size: 24px !important;
        font-weight: 600;
    }

    #modal-designation {
        font-family: 'lato', sans-serif !important;
        font-size: 18px !important;
    }

    .close {
        position: absolute;
        top: 10px;
        right: 15px;
        font-size: 20px;
        cursor: pointer;
    }

    /* .profile-img {
           width: 150px;
           border-radius: 50%;
           margin-bottom: 15px;
       } */
    .btnn {
        background-color: #b30000;
        color: white;
        border: none;
        padding: 10px 15px;
        cursor: pointer;
        border-radius: 5px;
        text-decoration: none;
    }

    .btnn:hover {
        background-color: #800000;
    }

    .viewc {
        background-color: #fff !important;
        border: none !important;
        color: #A00E09;
        border-radius: 5px;
        font-weight: 400;
    }

    .lecturers1-item-wrapper {
        text-align: center;
        position: relative;
        display: block;
    }

    .lecturers-img-wrapper {
        overflow: hidden;
        margin: auto;
        border-radius: 50%;
        display: block;
        position: relative;
    }

    /* Badge style */
    .badge {
        border-radius: 100%;
    }

    /* Badge container positioned at top left */
    .badge-container {
        position: absolute;
        top: 10px;
        left: 10px;
        z-index: 10;
        display: flex;
        gap: 5px;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
    }

    /* Individual badges inside container */
    .badge-container .badge {
        display: inline-block;
    }

    /* Ensure parent wrapper has position relative */
    .lecturers1-item-wrapper {
        position: relative;
    }

    .wrapperr img {
        height: 150px;
    }

    .lecturers-img-wrapper img {
        width: 100%;
        margin: auto;
        border-radius: 50%;
        object-fit: cover;
        position: static !important;
        z-index: 1;
    }

    @import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Poppins:400,500,600,700&display=swap');


    .icons_container {
        display: inline-flex
    }

    .icons_container .icon {
        margin: 0 3px;
        text-align: center;
        cursor: pointer;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
        flex-direction: column;
        position: relative;
        z-index: 2;
        transition: 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.68, -0.55, 0.265, 1.55)
    }

    .icons_container .icon span {
        display: flex;
        justify-content: center;
        align-items: center;
        font-size: 16px;
        height: 40px;
        width: 40px;
        background: #fdd333;
        border-radius: 50%;
        position: relative;
        z-index: 2;
        box-shadow: 0px 10px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
        transition: 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.68, -0.55, 0.265, 1.55)
    }

    .icons_container .icon .tooltip {
        position: absolute;
        top: 0;
        z-index: 1;
        background: #fff;
        color: #fff;
        padding: 10px 18px;
        font-size: 16px;
        font-weight: 500;
        border-radius: 10px;
        opacity: 0;
        pointer-events: none;
        box-shadow: 0px 10px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
        transition: 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.68, -0.55, 0.265, 1.55)
    }

    .icons_container .icon:hover .tooltip {
        top: -60px;
        opacity: 1;
        pointer-events: auto;
    }

    .icon .tooltip:before {
        position: absolute;
        content: "";
        height: 15px;
        width: 15px;
        background: #fff;
        left: 50%;
        bottom: -6px;
        transform: translateX(-50%) rotate(45deg);
        transition: 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.68, -0.55, 0.265, 1.55)
    }

    .icons_container .icon:hover span {
        color: #fff;
    }

    .icons_container .icon:hover span,
    .icons_container .icon:hover .tooltip {
        text-shadow: 0px -1px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4)
    }

    .icons_container .facebook:hover span,
    .icons_container .facebook:hover .tooltip,
    .icons_container .facebook:hover .tooltip:before {
        background: #fdd333
    }

    .icons_container .twitter:hover span,
    .icons_container .twitter:hover .tooltip,
    .icons_container .twitter:hover .tooltip:before {
        background: #fdd333
    }

    .icons_container .instagram:hover span,
    .icons_container .instagram:hover .tooltip,
    .icons_container .instagram:hover .tooltip:before {
        background: #fdd333
    }

    .icons_container .github:hover span,
    .icons_container .github:hover .tooltip,
    .icons_container .github:hover .tooltip:before {
        background: #fdd333
    }

    .icons_container .youtube:hover span,
    .icons_container .youtube:hover .tooltip,
    .icons_container .youtube:hover .tooltip:before {
        background: #fdd333
    }

    .active {
        /* background-color: green; */
        color: black;
    }



    /* facultymainpage page */

    #container-card {
        text-align: center;
        /* margin: 0px 60px 0px 60px; */
        margin-left: auto;
        margin-right: auto;
        padding: 18px 0;
        color: #fff;
        /* border-bottom: #000; */
        width: 80%;

    }

    #container-card1 {
        text-align: center;
        /* margin: 0px 60px 0px 60px; */
        margin-left: auto;
        margin-right: auto;
        padding: 18px 0;
        color: #fff;
        /* border-bottom: #000; */
        width: 80%;

    }

    .item {
        width: 90%;
        background-color: #A00E09;
        padding: 10px 0;
        border-bottom: #fff 1px solid;
        margin-left: 23px;
        height: 80px;


    }

    /* .item:hover {
            background-color: #fff;
            color: #000;
            box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16) 0px 1px 4px;
        }

        .item:hover a {
            color: #000;
        }

        .item,
        .btn:hover {
            color: #000 !important;
            transition: .8s;
        }

        .item a {
            display: inline-block;
            text-decoration: none;
            color: #000;
            font-size: 20px;
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
        } */

    /* .item a:hover {
            color: #000;
        } */

    .faculty-cards {
        transition: 0.3s;
        width: 100%;
        border-radius: 0px !important;
    }

    .prof-img-row {
        display: flex;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .name {
        padding: 10px;
        text-align: center;

    }

    .name .faculty_name {
        font-size: 20px;
        margin-bottom: 0 !important;
        color: #000;
    }

    .prof {
        font-size: 18px;
        color: #646464;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .fac-no {
        font-family: Lato;
        font-size: 18px;
        color: #a00;
        padding: 10px;
        line-height: 3rem;

    }

    .container {
        padding: 2px 16px;
    }

    .faculty-cards img {
        width: 100%;
        border-radius: none;
    }

    #item1 .btn:focus {
        box-shadow: none !important;
        --bs-btn-border-radius: 0;
    }

    /* filter */
    .faculty-cards {
        text-align: center;
        display: none;
        float: left;
        width: 28% !important;

    }

    .show {
        display: block;
    }

    .prof-img-row:after {
        content: "";
        display: table;
        clear: both;
    }

    .prof-img-row,
    .prof-img-row>.faculty-cards {
        padding: 20px;

    }

    /* .card-container {
            box-shadow: rgba(50, 50, 93, 0.25) 0px 2px 5px -1px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3) 0px 1px 3px -1px;
            /* padding-bottom: 50px; */



    .card-container a {
        text-decoration: none;
    }



    .item-title {
        font-family: Lato;
        color: #000;
        font-size: 22px;
        font-weight: 5px;
        /* padding-top: 25px; */
    }

    #item1:hover {
        background-color: #fff;
        color: #000;
        box-shadow: rgba(50, 50, 93, 0.25) 0px 2px 5px -1px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3) 0px 1px 3px -1px;
        --bs-btn-border-radius: 0;
    }

    #item1 {
        background-color: #a00e09;
        color: #fff;
        transition: .8s;
        width: 90%;
        margin-left: 23px;
        border-bottom: #fff 1px solid;
        --bs-btn-border-radius: 0;
    }

    .btn {
        background-color: #a00e09;
        font-family: Lato;
        color: #fff;
        font-size: 16px;
        font-weight: 5px;
        /* padding-top: 25px; */
        transition: .8s;
        width: 90%;
        justify-content: center;
        margin-left: 23px;
        border-bottom: #fff 1px solid;
        --bs-btn-border-radius: 0;
        height: 5.8rem;
    }

    /* .btn:hover{
    background-color: #fff;
            color: #000;
            --bs-btn-border-radius: 0;
} */

    .btn.active {
        background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
        color: #000;
        /* color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); */
        box-shadow: rgba(50, 50, 93, 0.25) 0px 2px 5px -1px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3) 0px 1px 3px -1px;
        border-color: #fff;
    }

    /* mobile responsive */

    @media (max-width: 1024px) {
        .lecturers1-item-wrapper {
            width: 50%;
            border-radius: 50%;
        }
    }

    @media (max-width: 600px) {
        .lecturers1-item-wrapper {
            width: 100%;
            border-radius: 50%;
        }
    }

    @media only screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
        .navbar-brand {
            font-size: 17px !important;
        }

        .fac-no {
            font-size: 12px !important;
        }

        .modal-content {
            width: 70% !important;
            margin: 40% auto !important;
        }
    }

    @media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {
        .modal-content {
            width: 100% !important;
            margin: 0% auto !important;
        }

        .mname {
            text-align: center !important;
            width: 100% !important;
        }

        .namess {
            text-align: center !important;

        }

        .labs {
            text-align: center !important;
        }

        #modal-phone {
            text-align: center !important;
        }

        .phone {
            display: flex !important;
            justify-content: center !important;
            align-items: center !important;
        }

        #modal-resrch {
            font-size: 16px !important;
        }

        .buttonsss {
            padding: 20px 0px !important;
        }
    }

    @media only screen and (max-width: 900px) {

        .modal-content {
            width: 100% !important;
            margin: 0% auto !important;
        }

        /* .contents{
                padding: 0px 25px !important;
            } */
        body {
            overflow-x: hidden;
        }

        .navbar-con {
            border-top: none !important;
        }

        .third-dropdown {
            top: 0;
            left: 0;
            position: relative;
            background-color: #000 !important;
            margin: 0;
        }

        .dropdown-item-third {
            background-color: #000;
            color: #fff;
            text-align: left;
            font-size: 12px;
            padding: 0.25rem 1rem;
        }

        .third-dropdown-parent:focus {
            color: #fff;
        }

        .dept-name {
            text-align: center;
        }

        .iitm-logo {
            text-align: center;
        }

        .site_logo {
            width: 30%;
        }

        .navbar-brand {
            font-size: 13px !important;
        }

        .navbar-brand span {
            font-size: 12px;
        }

        .faculty-member {
            text-align: center;
        }

        .box {
            text-align: left;
            margin-left: auto;
            margin-right: auto;
        }

        .name {
            font-size: 18px;
        }

        .designation {
            font-size: 16px;
        }

        .name_designation {
            padding: 15px 0px 5px 0px;
            text-align: center;
        }

        .education p {
            font-size: 15px;
        }

        .accordion-body li {
            font-size: 15px;
        }

        .accordion-header span {
            font-size: 18px;
        }

        .footer-first {
            display: none;
        }

        .iitm-footer-logo {
            width: 100%;
            text-align: center;
            padding: 8px 0;
        }

        .footer-bottom-left h6,
        .footer-bottom-right h6 {
            font-size: 15px;
            text-align: center;
        }

        .copyrights h6 {
            font-size: 13px;
            text-align: center;
            padding: 10px;
        }

        /* faculty - outer page */
        .container-card {
            margin-left: auto;
            margin-right: auto;
            align-items: center !important;
        }

        .faculty-cards {
            width: 100% !important;
        }

        .events-list {
            flex-wrap: wrap;
            padding: 10px;
        }

        /* .button-box {
                flex-direction: column;
                text-align: center;
                gap: 15px;
                padding-bottom: 10px;
            } */

        .wrapper {
            width: 100%;
            padding: 10px 0;
        }



        .hod-content {
            padding-bottom: 20px;
        }

        .hod-image img {
            width: 100%;
            text-align: center;
        }

        .research-col {
            padding: 10px 0;
            text-align: center;
        }

        .faculty-Achievement-image img {
            width: 100%;
            margin-top: 50%;
        }

        .counter .counter-value {
            font-size: 35px;
        }

        .counter-hdng {
            font-size: 22px;
        }

        .home-counters {
            width: 100% !important;
        }

        .centered,
        .centered-text {
            font-size: 18px;
        }

        .faculty-Achievement-details h3 {
            font-size: 14px;
        }

        .on-hover {
            padding: 15px 0;
        }

        .latest-news {
            top: 8%;
            left: 30% !important;
            width: 50%;
            max-height: 185px;
        }

        .side-card .card-title {
            font-size: 13px;
        }

        .side-card {
            min-height: 185px;
        }

        .side-card .ne-scroll {
            height: 85px;
        }

        .side-card .ne-box .ne-img img {
            width: 30px;
            height: 30px;
        }

        .side-card .ne-box .ne-item .ne-desc a {
            font-size: 12px;
        }

        #video-viewport {
            height: 30vh;
        }

        .carousel-item video {
            width: 100%;
            /* height: 200px; */
        }

        video {
            height: auto;
            transform: scale(2.5);
            transform-origin: center;
        }

        .dep-btn {
            font-size: 12px;
        }

        /* carousel */
        .carousel-inner {
            height: 50vh;
        }



    }

    /* @media only screen and (max-width: 992px) {
            .outfac-card{
               
               flex: 0 0 100% !important;
               max-width: 100% !important;
                   }
        } */
    @media only screen and (min-width: 2048px) {
        .carousel-item video {
            width: 100%;
            height: 75vh;
        }

    }

    @media only screen and (max-width: 1200px) {
        .latest-news {
            left: 65%;
        }
    }

    /* this is applied to all screens but added here for better specificity */

    .modal #modal-img,
    .modal .modal-img {
        border-radius: 6px !important;
        object-fit: cover !important;
    }